Introduction
For the seventh consecutive year, FIBREE has tracked and analyzed the worldwide adoption of blockchain technology in construction and real estate (BCRE).
The findings from the 2025 edition of the FIBREE Product Database reveal a sector that continues to expand — steadily, globally, and with increasing institutional depth.
In 2025, the database reached 844 active products applying blockchain technology to support construction or real estate processes. This marks a 13% year-on-year growth, the fifth consecutive year of double-digit expansion. Yet, the ecosystem remains dynamic and volatile: 134 products ceased operations (-17%), while 184 new ones emerged (+23%). This flux highlights both the pace of innovation and the ongoing process of market consolidation.
Now in its seventh year, this annual study by FIBREE continues to serve as the world’s most consistent longitudinal analysis of blockchain adoption in the built environment. Since its inception in 2019, the database has grown from 501 identified products to well over 800 today—despite an early correction in 2020 when initial hype gave way to market realism. Each subsequent year has seen double-digit growth, accompanied by an expanding diversity of solutions and applications for various construction or real estate related purposes. While volatility remains high, often around 25%, this reflects not failure but the natural churn and steep learning curve of a young and rapidly evolving innovation cycle—where success depends on many different factors simultaneously like timing, scalability, and strategic resilience. Where product suppliers focus on bringing and scaling their product in their submarket, FIBREE aims to contribute with this paper by clarifying the latest market developments in a more comprehensive way to the targeted industries, institutions and societies.
The 2025 update was once again conducted through rigorous desk research, this time complemented by a controlled application of AI-assisted data gathering. The research process began by revalidating entries from the previous year’s database, followed by the identification of new products through specialized industry sources and academic publications. AI tools were deployed to scrape and categorize relevant market intelligence by geography and topic, but manual verification proved indispensable. In fact, AI’s raw data quality reached only about 25% of the accuracy of FIBREE’s expert research, underscoring the unique value of continuity and domain-specific expertise. The result is a refined and highly reliable global FIBREE Product Database—now enriched with deeper insights into emerging trends, active players, and lessons learned from seven years of observation.
In this blogpost, we first highlight the deeper insights that have emerged from this year’s research before placing the analysis of the Product Database in that broader context. By doing so, we aim to connect the quantitative findings—such as product numbers and regional distribution—to the qualitative developments shaping blockchain’s real-world application in construction and real estate. This layered approach allows for a more meaningful interpretation of where the market stands today and how it is evolving.
Ecosystem Composition
The 2025 FIBREE Product Database categorizes blockchain solutions into ten major domains:
- Invest & Finance – Fractional ownership and decentralized investment.
- Markets & Platforms – Transparent listing and secondary trading environments.
- Technology Providers – Tailored blockchain integrations for real estate use cases.
- Transaction & Escrow – Automated and secure property transfers.
- Manage & Operate – Integration with property management and building operation systems.
- Web3 – Decentralized ownership and governance.
- Metaverse – Virtual property ownership and digital twin applications.
- Smart City Solutions – IoT-based urban data and asset interaction.
- Plan & Build – Supply chain traceability and digital certification.
- Research & Valuate – Knowledge-sharing, standardization, and best practices.
While Invest & Finance continues to dominate with over 40% of active solutions, new entrants increasingly target interoperability, transaction automation, and smart city integration — signaling a maturing ecosystem that is aligning blockchain use with real-world utility.
Key Market Drivers
Six forces are shaping the blockchain and real estate (BCRE) landscape in 2025:
- Tokenization – Liquidity, Transparency, Access
Real assets are becoming digitally tradable, unlocking liquidity and enabling broader investor participation. - Regulation – Clarity, Compliance, Confidence
Regulatory sandboxes, pilot programs, and emerging global frameworks are paving the way for institutional engagement. - Interoperability – Standards, Data, Integration
The integration of BIM models, Digital Product Passports, and blockchain protocols is strengthening the Golden Thread of building data. - Regional Growth – Expanding Reach, Local Momentum
Adoption is accelerating across continents, although blockchain for real estate remains a niche within the broader digital transformation. - Transactions – Trust, Efficiency, Automation
Smart contracts and blockchain-based escrow are simplifying property deals, reducing risk, and enhancing transparency. - DeFi Convergence – Real Estate Meets Web3
Tokenized property assets are increasingly integrated into decentralized finance (DeFi) applications, bridging tangible and digital markets.
Why Adoption Accelerates
Across use cases, blockchain offers tangible benefits to a traditionally fragmented industry:
- Efficiency: Lower transaction and settlement costs compared to legacy systems.
- Transparency: Immutable ledgers ensure verifiable ownership records.
- Liquidity: Secondary trading transforms illiquid assets into dynamic investment products.
- Accessibility: Fractional ownership opens markets to new investor groups.
- Innovation: Programmable assets create new financial instruments and service models.
- Digitalization of Society: Growing volumes of real estate data make blockchain indispensable for trusted and interoperable data management.
Challenges to Overcome
Despite steady growth, the path toward maturity is still lined with challenges:
- Scalability — Most networks remain limited in transaction capacity, constraining scalability for high-volume real estate markets.
- Interoperability — Real estate data is dispersed across incompatible systems; seamless cross-chain connectivity remains critical.
- Regulatory Uncertainty — Divergent international approaches to security tokens, ownership rights, and sustainability disclosures create friction for cross-border projects.
- Education and Awareness — Decision-makers often underestimate the complexity of blockchain adoption. The industry urgently needs structured education programs at all levels—from schools to executive training.
The ability of the sector to address these barriers will determine whether tokenization and blockchain remain a collection of isolated pilots or evolve into a universal standard.
Evolution over the past 7 years
As the number of BCRE products has grown, so too has the versatility of blockchain technology across a wider range of applications. When FIBREE first launched its research series in 2019, concepts such as the metaverse were barely being discussed in the construction and real estate sectors—let alone supported by dedicated blockchain solutions. At that time, more than 60% of all identified products focused primarily on exploring the tokenization of real estate assets or portfolios.
Today, tokenization remains by far the most dominant blockchain proposition within the industry, and the number of platforms entering this market continues to rise each year. However, its relative share has decreased to around 43%, reflecting the faster growth of other product categories. These include secondary trading and listing platforms, technology providers, transaction and escrow solutions, as well as metaverse and Web3 applications—all signaling a maturing and diversifying ecosystem, that is step-by-step growing to market maturity in the various focus areas.
Different Paces of Market Adoption
Within the FIBREE Product Database research, three distinct growth stages are used to categorize the maturity level of each product provider:
- Growth Stage 1: Still under development, proof of concept, or prototype
- Growth Stage 2: Between MVP stage and adoption by up to three external market players
- Growth Stage 3: Already in use by more than three external market players
When these growth stages are assigned and visualized per product category, as shown in the accompanying figure, several meaningful patterns emerge. One of the most striking insights is the significant variation between categories in the relative proportions of Growth Stage 1 and 3 products. Interestingly, the share of Growth Stage 2 products tends to remain relatively consistent across categories.
Products with a large share of Growth Stage 3 and only a small proportion in Stage 1—such as Technology Providers and Research & Valuate—are often more traditional market participants. Many of these firms already had established offerings and later integrated blockchain as an extension of their existing product range. Because they are typically service-oriented rather than purely product-driven, they are also better positioned to scale rapidly once market demand is validated.
At the other end of the spectrum are companies whose portfolios show a large proportion still in Growth Stage 1 and only a small fraction in Stage 3. These include products in categories such as Invest & Finance, Plan & Build, and Smart City Solutions. These are often new, high-potential products that face well-known scaling barriers, such as regulatory uncertainty and lack of data interoperability.
Across all categories, the relatively small proportion of products in Growth Stage 2 suggests that once a product successfully demonstrates a working MVP, the transition to Growth Stage 3 tends to happen quickly. In other words, once the concept is proven, adoption follows at a faster pace. However, this does not yet reveal how long each growth stage takes to reach maturity for different types of BCRE products.
By including the year of establishment in the analysis, a more precise understanding of development timelines emerges. The data shows that, on average, companies in Growth Stage 1 are about four years old, regardless of product category. This indicates that, typically, it takes around four years to move from idea to MVP. About half of all product categories then require another four years on average to evolve from Growth Stage 2 to Growth Stage 3. These are generally high-tech product categories—most of which are still relatively young by nature, with Research & Valuate being the main exception.
For other categories, the age difference between Stage 1 and Stage 3 companies is more pronounced. These tend to be more traditional providers with established customer bases, who at some point decided to expand their offerings with blockchain-based propositions—often in partnership with a startup until the MVP was validated, after which the product was integrated into their portfolio as a mature, Growth Stage 3 offering.
This assumption is further supported by comparing growth stage data with the initial development perspective of each company. In the FIBREE Product Database, this is categorized as one of three starting points:
- Blockchain-driven perspective: A “solution looking for a problem.”
- Real estate–driven perspective: A targeted blockchain solution for a specific, well-understood industry challenge.
- Balanced 50/50 perspective: A combined approach integrating both blockchain expertise and real estate market knowledge.
What stands out is that more than half of the products developed from a real estate–driven perspective have already reached Growth Stage 3, while over 40% of blockchain-driven companies remain in Growth Stage 1. This underlines how a clear understanding of real-world industry needs remains a decisive success factor for blockchain adoption in the built environment.
Regional Trends and Global Distribution
Having examined the different growth dynamics and development pathways across product categories, the next step is to explore where these innovations are taking shape. The global distribution of BCRE products reveals distinct regional patterns, reflecting how local market conditions, regulatory frameworks, and levels of digital readiness influence blockchain adoption. By analyzing these regional trends, a clearer picture emerges of how blockchain in real estate is evolving from isolated pilots into a truly global ecosystem.
FIBREE’s 2025 analysis shows a consistent global spread of blockchain and real estate initiatives:
- Europe and North America continue to lead in total project numbers, with strong institutional presence.
- Asia & Pacific—especially India, Singapore, and Australia—show rapid growth and innovation in blockchain land registries and tokenized investment platforms.
- Latin America is emerging as a dynamic new region for tokenized property ventures.
- Middle East demonstrates fast progress through government-backed initiatives, such as smart city programs and tokenized real estate pilots.
- Progress in Africa is mainly achieved through external platforms that are applied in local initiatives and pilot projects.
The United States, United Kingdom, and India occupy the top three global positions, followed by Spain, UAE, and Singapore. In Latin America is Brazil the country with most BCRE products.
At city level, London, New York, and Dubai form the leading global hubs for blockchain in real estate.
It’s also notable that behind the leading group, an increasingly broad support group has formed in recent years. More than 10 cities from all over the world can now be counted among them. This once again underscores how the blockchain theme is rapidly gaining popularity in various parts of the world for the construction and real estate sector. At the same time, it creates high expectations for future developments and the impact it will have in the coming period.
Outlook
With five consecutive years of double-digit growth, blockchain in real estate is evolving from experimentation to infrastructure.
The technology is no longer confined to startups; it is increasingly being adopted by established financial institutions, regulators, and public entities.
As interoperability frameworks mature and education improves, 2026 may become the year when the blockchain and real estate sectors truly converge.
FIBREE remains committed to mapping, connecting, and accelerating this transformation—ensuring that blockchain fulfills its potential as a foundation for transparency, efficiency, and sustainability in the built environment.
Disclaimer:
This blogposts has been largely written with the assistance of an AI tool, based on more than 450 recent articles and research papers we collected throughout the past year for our desk research for the FIBREE Product Database. These articles and papers, all released in 2024 or 2025, cover the latest developments across various aspects of blockchain applications in the real estate and construction industries across different regions of the world.
If you feel that important developments are missing or not fully represented in these blog posts, please feel free to contribute in the comment sections under each post, preferably with references via one or more weblinks to the source materials that support your input. It will help us to enrich our content database and improve the quality of our output.
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